Industry baseline
IBISWorld cost structure, key statistics, financial ratios, and valuation multiples establish the outside-in benchmark.
INDUSTRY STRATEGY / OPERATING ECONOMICS
Industry expertise organized around the P&L.
100 industries with their own page13 industry families1 consistent P&L architecture
INDUSTRY DIRECTORY
100 industries, grouped into 13 families.
All 100 industries
Consumer & Retail
Brands, channels, and consumer services
- Consumer packaged goodsVolume has to come back without giving back the price gains
- Food & beverageCommodity swings and plant uptime decide the margin, not the brand
- Apparel & footwearBuy the right depth, land it at the right cost, sell it at full price
- Beauty & personal careHigh gross margins get spent finding and keeping the customer
- RetailThin margins mean inventory, labor and shrink decide the year
- E-commerce & marketplacesGrowth is easy to buy and hard to make profitable
- Restaurants & hospitalityMenu prices are near the limit while labor and food costs keep rising
- Consumer servicesFull schedules and members who stay are the whole business
Financial Services
Institutions, capital, risk, and financial infrastructure
- Commercial bankingDeposit costs and credit quality matter more than loan growth
- Consumer bankingPrimary checking accounts cost more to win and are easier to lose
- PaymentsHolding net take rate as merchants and software partners push back
- InsuranceUnderwriting profit depends on pricing ahead of loss trends
- Asset managementFees are falling faster than costs as money moves to passive and private
- Wealth managementGrowth depends on recruiting advisors and keeping their clients
- FintechUnit economics now have to work without cheap capital
- Specialty financeThe spread only holds if funding costs and losses were underwritten
Healthcare & Life Sciences
Care delivery, therapeutics, devices, and health technology
- Health systemsLabor costs and payer mix are squeezing already thin operating margins
- Physician groupsReimbursement is flat while staffing and practice costs climb
- PayersMedical costs are rising faster than premiums and risk scores allow
- PharmaceuticalsGross-to-net, price policy and patent cliffs are compressing returns
- BiotechnologyEvery program must reach its next value point before the cash runs out
- Medical technologyHospital buyers squeeze price while regulatory and supply costs rise
- DiagnosticsTest volume only pays when reimbursement, collections and lab cost line up
- Digital healthBuyers want proven savings before paying for another digital program
Industrial & Manufacturing
Production, engineered products, and industrial services
- Discrete manufacturingMargins depend on throughput, quote discipline and material cost
- Process manufacturingUptime, yield and energy cost set margins in continuous operations
- Machinery & equipmentNew units are cyclical; parts and service carry the business
- Electronics manufacturingThin EMS margins leave no room for component, yield or tariff surprises
- Building productsA slow housing market and heavy freight test pricing power
- ChemicalsGlobal overcapacity is squeezing margins across many chemical chains
- PackagingPass-through lag and changeovers decide converter margins
- Industrial servicesTechnician capacity is the constraint on both growth and margin
Technology & Software
Software, infrastructure, hardware, and emerging technology
- Enterprise softwareSeat growth is slowing as buyers consolidate vendors and AI changes work
- Vertical SaaSGrowth comes from attaching payments and modules to a finite customer base
- CybersecurityBuyers are consolidating vendors while attackers use AI to move faster
- Data & cloudCompute, power and capacity commitments decide whether cloud growth pays
- AI & machine learningUsage grows fast, but inference costs and stalled pilots eat the margin
- Hardware & semiconductorsAI demand is booming while much of the rest of the chip cycle lags
- IT servicesAI is deflating hourly delivery faster than new demand replaces it
- Developer platformsFree tiers and AI coding tools are changing how developer tools get paid
Energy, Utilities & Resources
Energy systems, natural resources, and critical infrastructure
- Power & utilitiesData center load growth collides with affordability in the rate case
- Renewable energyTax credit deadlines and sourcing rules now set the development calendar
- Oil & gasCapital discipline matters more than volume at mid-cycle prices
- Mining & metalsCritical minerals policy and commodity swings set the investment case
- Water & wastewaterAging pipes and new contaminant rules need capital customers can afford
- Energy servicesFewer, larger producers are squeezing service pricing and fleet utilization
- Battery storageMerchant revenue is thinning as storage floods the markets that paid most
- Climate technologyFirst-of-a-kind plants need capital that policy reversals made scarcer
Aerospace, Defense & Space
Mission-critical platforms and complex engineered systems
- Defense systemsBudgets are rising, but fixed-price risk and supply chains cap returns
- Aerospace OEMsRecord backlogs are stuck behind supplier and quality constraints
- Aerospace suppliersFixed-price long-term agreements meeting volatile build rates and input costs
- Space systemsFixed-price development risk and lumpy milestone cash in a launch-driven market
- SatellitesRecovering heavy capital spend as capacity prices fall and orbits fill up
- Drones & autonomyMoving from prototypes and pilots to repeatable production and recurring revenue
- Maintenance, repair & overhaulSelling turn time when parts, engines and certified labor are all scarce
Automotive & Mobility
Vehicles, mobility networks, and transportation technology
- Automotive OEMsFunding EV, software and tariff costs from a core business under price pressure
- Automotive suppliersRecovering cost inflation and stranded EV capital from powerful OEM customers
- Electric vehiclesReaching positive unit economics before the cash runs out
- Charging infrastructureEarning a return on chargers that sit idle most of the day
- Fleet & mobility servicesManaging residual values, funding costs and uptime across a vehicle fleet
- Rail & transitFilling fixed rail networks while freight stalls and transit funding runs short
- MicromobilityMaking each shared scooter or e-bike earn back its cost over a short life
Business & Professional Services
Expertise-led and recurring business services
- ConsultingSelling expertise by the hour as clients trim budgets and AI compresses analysis
- Legal servicesDefending the billable hour while clients and AI push for efficiency
- Accounting & taxMeeting compliance deadlines with fewer CPAs and rising client expectations
- Engineering servicesConverting a deep project backlog into margin with too few engineers
- Staffing & workforceProtecting the bill-pay spread as clients cut temporary labor and press on rates
- Business process outsourcingRepricing labor-based contracts as AI absorbs the work they were built on
- Facilities servicesKeeping contract margins intact as wages rise faster than escalators
- Information servicesProving proprietary data is worth paying for when AI makes summaries cheap
Media & Telecommunications
Connectivity, content, audiences, and digital media
- TelecommunicationsHolding ARPU and churn as wireless, cable and fiber chase the same homes
- BroadbandBuilding fiber that pays back through take rate, not just passings
- Media & entertainmentPaying for content as linear TV shrinks and streaming must turn a profit
- GamingFunding longer, costlier development cycles from fewer reliable hits
- Advertising & marketing technologyDefending take rates as signal loss and antitrust reshape ad buying
- PublishingReplacing lost search traffic and print revenue with reader and licensing income
- Sports & live eventsMonetizing every seat and sponsor as media rights and ticketing rules change
Real Estate & Construction
Built environment, development, and property operations
- Commercial real estateRefinancing and re-leasing properties in a higher-rate, lower-occupancy market
- Residential real estateBalancing rent growth, turnover and rising costs across rental homes
- ConstructionDelivering fixed bids profitably through labor, material and schedule risk
- Architecture & engineeringProtecting design fees from scope creep, slow billing and a softer pipeline
- InfrastructureTurning a public-funding backlog into margin amid material and labor inflation
- Property servicesGrowing doors per manager while owners demand more for lower fees
- Property technologySelling software into real estate while transactions are slow and budgets tight
Transportation & Logistics
Freight, fulfillment, networks, and supply-chain infrastructure
- Freight & truckingSurviving a long freight downturn on revenue per truck and cost per mile
- Parcel & last mileRaising stops per hour as volumes shift between carriers and shippers
- WarehousingFilling space and labor hours profitably as vacancy rises and wages climb
- Third-party logisticsHolding net revenue per load as freight rates and broker margins compress
- Shipping & maritimeEarning returns on long-lived vessels through volatile freight rate cycles
- AviationFilling seats profitably while aircraft, engines and pilots stay scarce
- Ports & terminalsRaising throughput on fixed berths as labor contracts limit automation
- Supply-chain technologySelling long implementations to logistics buyers with tight budgets
Public Sector, Education & Nonprofit
Public missions, institutions, and social impact
- Federal governmentDelivering missions through workforce cuts and continuing resolutions
- State & local governmentBalancing budgets as relief funds end and service costs keep rising
- EducationBalancing enrollment, discounting and cost as the student pool shrinks
- Research institutionsProtecting research programs as federal grants and overhead recovery tighten
- NonprofitsFunding missions as government grants shrink and fewer donors give more
- AssociationsProving membership value as members expect more for their dues
- Public safetyHolding response times as vacancies and overtime climb
- International developmentRebuilding funding and operations after the collapse of U.S. foreign aid
BENCHMARK DATA ARCHITECTURE
Industry data should create a better decision—not decorate the page.
Company actuals
Revenue mix, customer economics, workflow data, cost centers, assets, and cash reveal the company-specific gap.
Aryo opportunity case
Commercial and operating levers translate that gap into choices, owners, timing, and a measurable P&L bridge.
BEGIN WITH THE ECONOMICS